What is the difference between functional and class components?

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Functional vs Class Components in React 

In React, components can be created in two ways: functional components and class components. Both serve the same purpose—building reusable UI elements—but they differ in syntax, features, and usage.

🔹 Functional Components:

• Functional components are JavaScript functions.

• They are simpler and used to render UI.

• With the introduction of React Hooks (useState, useEffect), functional components can now manage state and side effects.

• They do not use this keyword.

function Greeting(props) {
  return <h1>Hello, {props.name}</h1>;
}

🔹 Class Components:

• Class components are created using ES6 classes that extend React.Component.

• They can hold state using this.state and manage it with this.setState.

• Support lifecycle methods like componentDidMount, render, etc.

• Require usage of the this keyword to access props and state.

j
class Greeting extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return <h1>Hello, {this.props.name}</h1>;
  }
}

✅ Key Differences:

• Syntax: Functional = functions, Class = ES6 classes.

• State Handling: Functional uses Hooks; Class uses this.state.

• Lifecycle Methods: Only in class components (Hooks replicate them in functional).

• Code Complexity: Functional is more concise and easier to read.

✅ Conclusion:

Today, functional components with Hooks are preferred in modern React development due to their simplicity and powerful features, making class components largely outdated.

Read more: 

Handling Forms in React

What are components in React?

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