How do you revert a commit?

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🔑 Ways to Revert a Commit in Git

1. git revert (Safe for shared repos)

• Creates a new commit that undoes the changes of a previous commit.

• Keeps history intact (no rewriting).

• Best when commit is already pushed to remote and shared with others.

Example:

# Revert the last commit
git revert HEAD

# Revert a specific commit by its hash
git revert <commit-hash>

👉 This will open an editor to write a commit message for the revert.

2. git reset (Rewrites history)

• Moves the branch pointer back to a previous commit.

• Can discard or keep changes depending on mode:

  • --soft: Keeps changes staged.

  • --mixed (default): Keeps changes unstaged.

  • --hard: Discards changes completely.

Example:

# Undo last commit, keep changes in working directory
git reset --soft HEAD~1

# Undo last commit and changes (dangerous!)
git reset --hard HEAD~1

👉 Use reset only for local commits not pushed to avoid conflicts with teammates.

3. git checkout (temporary undo)

• If you just want to discard uncommitted changes:

git checkout -- <file-name>

⚡ When to Use What

Scenario	Command
Undo a pushed commit safely	git revert <hash>
Undo last local commit, keep changes staged	git reset --soft HEAD~1
Undo last local commit, discard changes	git reset --hard HEAD~1
Undo specific commit in history (with new commit)	git revert <hash>

✅ In short:

• Use git revert for commits already pushed and shared.

• Use git reset for local commits you haven’t pushed yet.

Read More :

What is the difference between git pull and git fetch?

What are branches and why are they important?

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